Wednesday, October 23, 2013

Historical Influences on Charles Darwin.

  • Thomas Malthus observed that plants and animals produce far more offspring than are able to survive. He also noted that humans can overproduce as well as animals. Malthus originally used this information to explain why some people were in poverty. Malthus thought poverty was the expected outcome from humans overproducing. The writers at University of California Museum of Paleontology explain, "Both Darwin and Wallace independently arrived at similar theories of Natural Selection after reading Malthus...they realized that producing more offspring than can survive establishes a competitive environment among siblings, and that the variation around siblings would produce some individuals with a slightly greater chance of survival." Malthus influenced science (even if he did not know it at the time) by laying the ground work for people like Charles Darwin to build off his ideas and form some theories that are still around today.
  • Malthus affects the bullet point about preventing organisms from reaching their full potential. He provided the building blocks for this point because he explained that overproducing can lead to poverty. Some parents are physically capable of having more kids, but they cant afford to take care of them so they don't reach their reproducing potential. This is similar to Darwin's point that a lack of resources can keep animals from producing as many young as they are capable of. Malthus said this, but chose different words and did not go as in depth into the subject as Charles Darwin did. 
  • I do not believe that Darwin could have developed his theory of Natural Selection without the influence of Malthus. In an article written by the University of California Museum of Paleontology they state, "This often quoted passage reflects the significance Darwin affords Malthus in formulating his theory of Natural Selection." The quoted passage they are referring to Darwin admits that after reading Malthus's article is when he understood what became his theory of Natural Selection. It would have been hard to come up with that theory without Malthus's article to get Darwin thinking, this is why I do not believe that Darwin could have developed his theory of natural selection without Malthus's influence.
  • The church's likely negative reaction to Darwin's book caused him to stall on its publication. Until Darwin received a letter from Wallace, in which Wallace had developed a theory similar to Darwin's and was going to get credit for some of the best work Darwin had been doing. This prompted Darwin to publish his book. After doing so Darwin Received some criticism as expected. Some of the church was angered because Darwin's book did not agree with the literal interpretation of the bible. However, some Christians were open to understanding his theory.
http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/history/malthus.html